Quota-Based Measured Fishing for the Sustainability of Fishery Resources in Indonesia

Abstract

Measured Fishing (PIT) is one of the government's efforts to preserve fish resources while optimizing economic and social benefits for fishermen and fisheries business actors. PIT is implemented through setting catch quota limits (catch limits) as output control and is the first fisheries management model implemented in Indonesia. This model is an alternative to the policy of limiting ship permits (input control) which has so far been considered to be less implementable, creates a 'race to fish' mentality, and is prone to manipulation of ship size (markdown). The PNBP contribution to the capture fisheries sector is currently dominated by Pre-production Fishery Product Levy (PHP) which is withdrawn from Business Licensing based on the Vessel Tonnage (GT) variable and the benchmark fish price. This policy is considered unfair and does not provide business certainty for fisheries business actors because the levy is collected before the fishing effort begins, even though there is a risk of business activity failure. The pre-production PNBP system also has the potential to worsen the stock status of fish resources because business actors maximize catches to gain as much profit as possible (race-to-fish). Through the quota-based PIT policy, the number of catches will be limited for each vessel according to the zone. PIT minimizes manipulation of vessel size, maximizes state income through PNBP, fulfills the principle of business justice because levies are taken after fishing efforts are carried out based on the size of the catch, and maintains the active participation of small fishermen in accordance with the quota given to the regions. Through the implementation of this policy, improving the welfare of Indonesian fishermen, balancing economic activities across regions, sustainability of fisheries resources and marine health can be achieved.