Fair Use and AI Training: A Comparative Study between the U.S. and Uzbekistan

Authors

  • Abdusattorov Shokhjakhon Jurabek ugli Penn state law LL.M, Legal Assistant, Pennsylvania, USA

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence (AI), AI training data, copyright law

Abstract

This article provides a comparative legal analysis of how the United States and Uzbekistan approach the issue of copyright law in the context of artificial intelligence (AI) training. As AI models increasingly rely on large datasets—often containing copyrighted material—questions about the legality of using such data without authorization have become central to intellectual property debates. The study explores the U.S. doctrine of fair use, which offers flexibility and potential legal protection for AI developers, contrasting it with Uzbekistan’s more restrictive copyright regime that lacks broad exceptions for innovative or transformative uses. By examining legal frameworks, case law, policy gaps, and technological implications, the article highlights the opportunities and challenges each country faces. The analysis concludes with recommendations for legal reform in Uzbekistan to better accommodate AI development while preserving the rights of creators, suggesting that harmonizing with international best practices could foster both innovation and intellectual property protection.

References

1. U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, 17 U.S.C. § 107.

2. Authors Guild v. Google, Inc., 804 F.3d 202 (2d Cir. 2015).

3. U.S. Copyright Office, Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, August 2023, https://www.copyright.gov/ai/.

4. Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc. v. Goldsmith, 598 U.S. ___ (2023).

5. Thaler v. Perlmutter, No. 22-1564 (D.D.C. 2023).

6. Uzbekistan Law “On Copyright and Related Rights,” No. 42-I of July 20, 1996 (as amended through 2020).

7. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), Uzbekistan’s IP Legal Framework, https://www.wipo.int/members/en/details.jsp?country_id=195.

8. European Parliament and Council Directive (EU) 2019/790 on copyright and related rights in the Digital Single Market.

9. Michael Geist, “Fair Use in the Age of AI,” Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2023, pp. 25–34.

10. J. Litman, Digital Copyright, Prometheus Books, 2006.

11. Ministry of Digital Technologies of the Republic of Uzbekistan, “Strategy for Digital Uzbekistan 2030,” 2021.

12. WIPO Conversation on Intellectual Property and Artificial Intelligence, 2023, https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/details.jsp?meeting_id=73167.n

13. S. Dusenbury, “AI Training and Copyright Reform: An International Overview,” Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, Vol. 37, 2024.

14. Creative Commons, “Licensing for Machine Learning,” https://creativecommons.org/.

15. UNESCO, “Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Guidelines for Policymakers,” 2021.

Downloads

Published

2025-06-30

How to Cite

ugli, A. S. J. (2025). Fair Use and AI Training: A Comparative Study between the U.S. and Uzbekistan. American Journal of Open University Education, 2(6), 234–240. Retrieved from https://scientificbulletin.com/index.php/AJOUP/article/view/1077

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.